Chemical reactions of the elementsReaction of terbium with airTerbium metal tarnishes slowly in air and burns readily to form a terbium oxide which has the approximate formula Tb4O7. 8Tb + 7O2 → 2Tb4O7 Reaction of terbium with waterThe silvery white metal terbium is quite electropositive and reacts slowly with cold water and quite quickly with hot water to form terbium hydroxide, Tb(OH)3, and hydrogen gas (H2). 2Tb(s) + 6H2O(g) → 2Tb(OH)3(aq) + 3H2(g) Reaction of terbium with the halogensTerbium metal reacts with all the halogens to form terbium(III) halides. So, it reacts with fluorine, F2, chlorine, Cl2, bromine, I2, and iodine, I2, to form respectively terbium(III) bromide, TbF3, terbium(III) chloride, TbCl3, terbium(III) bromide, TbBr3, and terbium(III) iodide, TbI3. 2Tb(s) + 3F2(g) → 2TbF3(s) [white] 2Tb(s) + 3Cl2(g) → 2TbCl3(s) [white] 2Tb(s) + 3Br2(g) → 2TbBr3(s) [white] 2Tb(s) + 3I2(g) → 2TbI3(s) Reaction of terbium with acidsTerbium metal dissolves readily in dilute sulphuric acid to form solutions containing the very pale pink aquated Tb(III) ion together with hydrogen gas, H2. It is quite likely that Tb3+(aq) exists as largely the complex ion [Tb(OH2)9]3+ 2Tb(s) + 3H2SO4(aq) → 2Tb3+(aq) + 3SO42-(aq) + 3H2(g) Reaction of terbium with basesWebElements ShopWebElements now has a WebElements shop at which you can buy periodic table posters, mugs, T-shirts, games, molecular models, and more.
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