Chemical reactions of the elementsReaction of bismuth with airUpon heating, bismuth reacts with oxygen in air to form the trioxide bismuth(III) oxide, Bi2O3. The flame is bluish white. 4Bi(s) + 3O2(g) → 2Bi2O3(s) Reaction of bismuth with waterAt red heat, bismuth reacts with water to form the trioxide bismuth(III) oxide, Bi2O3. 2Bi(s) + 3H2O(g) → Bi2O3(s) + 3H2(g) Reaction of bismuth with the halogensBismuth reacts with fluorine, F2, to form the pentafluoride bismuth(V) fluoride. 2Bi(s) + 5F2(g) → 2 BiF5(s) [white] Bismuth reacts under controlled conditions with the halogens fluorine, F2, chlorine, Cl2, bromine, Br2, and iodine, I2, to form the respective trihalides bismuth(III) fluoride, BiF3, bismuth(III) chloride, BiCl3, bismuth(III) bromide, BiBr3, and bismuth(III) iodide, BiI3. 2Bi(s) + 3F2(g) → 2BiF3(s) [] 2Bi(s) + 3Cl2(g) → 2BiCl3(s) [] 2Bi(s) + 3Br2(g) → 2BiBr3(s) [] 2Bi(s) + 3I2(g) → 2BiI3(s) [] Reaction of bismuth with acidsBismuth dissolves in concentrated sulphuric acid, H2SO4, or nitric acid, HNO3, to form solutions containing Bi(III). The sulphuric acid reaction produces sulphur(IV) dioxide gas. With hydrochloric acid in the presence of oxygen, bismuth(III) chloride is produced. 4Bi(s) + 3O2(g) + 12HCl(aq) → 4BiCl3(aq) + 6H2O(l) Reaction of bismuth with basesWebElements ShopWebElements now has a WebElements shop at which you can buy periodic table posters, mugs, T-shirts, games, molecular models, and more.
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